I'm no expert but I am a bit of a research nut. I'm not nearly as mechanically inclined as some on this forum. I'll try to dump what I've learned so far since owning my jeep since 2020. Some of it is personal opinion and some of it is from researching youtube, this website, and other jeep related websites. Hopefully I won't say something absolutely incorrect.
The rubicon is nice but IMO the only advantage it has over a sport or x model would be the transfer case. That's one reason why the rubicon TC sells for so much more on marketplaces. The dana 44 is nice but you can build the stock dana 30 and dana 35 to handle 35s. The prior owner of my jeep installed a currie dana 60 in the rear and left the factory dana 30 with upgraded chromoly axle shafts. The dana 35 would need similar chromoly axle shafts to become the "super dana 35" and maybe some other parts I'm not sure because I haven't researched that process. Those would be about 500-1000 each front and back and easy to install. Someone mentioned 5k for locker install, that would be for a shop to install because the lockers themselves cost about 1200 each.
The factory dana 44 TJ front axle suffers from the same weakness as the factory dana 30 and I'm pretty sure you can't beef up either to remove that weakness. Not all dana 44s are the same. The JK dana 44 is stronger but still has weak points. I believe the strongest factory dana 44 would be out of a 1970's f-150. It's a high pinion axle with super beefy axle tubes. Of course any non TJ axle would require work to create the same setup.
When we talk about one ton axles that's a dana 60 front and either a 14 bolt rear or 10.5 sterling rear. 14 bolt is more popular. You don't need these until 40" tires and require a ton of modifications.
The 37" and up tires also call for stretching the wheel base which is also a whole new animal. This is one reason why the LJ (TJU) is so popular along with more storage room.
For lockers you have the most basic spool or welded spider gears but then your axle is fully locked all the time and should only be used for 100% off road. You'll see this option used more on highly modded jeeps with 42s, ton axles, etc.
Next you have the automatic/lunchbox lockers. Still pretty simple mod that most can tackle. The locker will automatically engage when power is supplied to the axle. That is the locker I installed in my front axle. It will "rachet" while not engaged while turning, which I don't mind but some do. There is one brand that eliminates this sound. Then you have the selectable locker, air powered ARB, electric powered eaton, air/electric/manual powered ox locker. ARB/eaton are usually preferred. The selectable lockers are the most difficult to install and most choose to re-gear while installing them and choose a highly reputable shop to install. You can do this on your own and we have a few members that will help tremendously if you choose this route. Selectable are the best because driving on road in the snow it's a lot safer to not have locked axles (you'll turn your wheels but the jeep might keep going straight). Also comes in handy on tight trails where you can disengage the locker and your turning radius is then tighter.
Forum member with great content. I tackled rebuilding my steering gear box with one of his videos.
https://www.youtube.com/@TheBFHGarage
More jeep related content in his older videos
https://www.youtube.com/@DirtLifestyle