Novak Conversions Jeep Wrangler TJ radiator

Engine issue: rebuild or swap feedback requested

User4574

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2003 Sahara 4.0 5sp. Got some problems so thought I would ask for feedback before venturing on a folly.

So mine decided to not cooperate with my timeline and gave up sooner. Kind of loud noise after coming off the highway a while ago. Was thinking it was heatsoak (happens sometimes as the weather got warmer after interstate driving), start the next day, no issues. Until recently. Was not long out of the driveway to work and check engine light came on. Got to work and checked codes, P0155 (comes on in winter past few years with low ambient temps, weird to happen in spring), and P0301 which was a new one never happened before. After work due to slow/heavy traffic the engine light started flashing like crazy so pulled into a parking lot and AAA to the rescue. Didn't want to take a chance damaging anything and realized later I was just dumping unburnt fuel.

Started the usual checks, changed plugs (worn and out of gap) and the O2 sensors (NGK). Cleared, started, P0301 back. Dig further, watch videos. Checked compression.

Cyl 1 Dry 25 Wet 45,50
Cyl 2 Dry 120
Cyl 3 Dry 120
Cyl 4 Dry 105
Cyl 5 Dry 125
Cyl 6 Dry 120

Only tested Cyl 1 wet as others were consistent. Cyl 1 was audible difference in stroke so could tell when turning key it was a problem. When compression increased indicates piston/ring issue. Don't have a leak down tester yet, but from what I was able to tell pushes me toward a direction. Rebuild or swap. I did disconnect the cyl 1 injector so it would stop dumping fuel but that threw the injector code. Figured I could move/drive it minimally if needed but haven't had to yet.

Pros of motor: no leaks other than valve cover and oil pan seals. Already have a full gasket set, was planning on a refresh in July when I am off work. Also picked up a new timing chain set, figured since I was in for the gaskets to check that too. RMS doesn't drip, amazingly...at least until if I start opening things up I would guess. Doesn't burn oil, little usage if I accidentally extend my changes but I usually keep at 6500m/change. Good pressure per the gauge, etc. Occasional tap on start but has shown probably thermal so hasn't been priority concern. It has been a good motor.

Cons of motor: just shy of 275,000. Was planning/thinking by 300K would need to do some preventative upgrades even if no issues just as insurance.

What I am looking at (pending what pulling the pan reveals):

Dirty rebuild in frame, only pistons and rings as would not be able to change cam bearings without pulling motor. Potentially fastest way to restore. Biggest caution is how to interpret main and rod bearings as I have never had to do that before and it is like a foreign language complete with deer in the headlights look. Cheapest, estimate about $1K-ish. No telling if it will last 500m or 5000m, and back to square 1 if it goes. However, from what I have seen of those who have done it has been good results if you take your time.

Donor swap. Priced out would be around $1500-$2000. That is me doing all the labor. Pro is less mileage motor, con is no history so it is a crap shoot.

Reman swap. Priced would be around $2700-$3600 depending on rebuilder. All labor is on me. Pro is 0m motor, con is potential issues from rebuilder. Limited options on head, some offer a TUPY, others say "new improved" but offer no proof like a TUPY stamp or the obvious build up like Clearwater does. Mine came with a TUPY so I am not really wanting to chance a 331 if it can't be verified. Limited rebuilders do offer a TUPY for an upcharge. (Titan and Promar for example).

Reman through reseller. Priced estimated between $5500-$7000 locally. Turn key, but some of the places around here do shoddy work especially on older vehicles. Jasper seems to be the flavor of choice, most are hesitant or refuse to do a swap if they can't sell the motor. Probably make too much off it that way.

Other than the dirty it would be approching into a loan or financing for the others. Might be able to pull the swap without but it would stretch things a lot (had some other unexpected house costs recently too). These are the only real 4 options I can look at as it is my daily and we are adjusting for a 1 car family right now so it needs to be back (relatively) soon. Stroker is not a option/choice as yes the power would be nice but cost is greater and it doesn't seem applicable for what I drive (more fuel usage, no real benefit, etc). Same with a local rebuilder, either too busy, too costly, or just not what they do (ie: muscle cars or speed shops).

Other factors, work would be outside. I do have a pop up 10X10 for shade and an area of my driveway to work, but it is still outside so weather is a concern. Tool wise I am mostly covered except for a few things that I included in the budget estimates. I have swapped engines in vehicles before with my father, but I was significantly younger then and needed less ibuprofen. Deepest internal I remember doing was a valve job and timing chain swap on a V8.

If a dirty would get me another year or two at least I am thinking it would be best. Looking at the rebuild kit from Cleggs I am not sure what option to order and measuring the main and rod bearings is something I have never done. Gotta ask, what kind of bad idea/total disaster would it be to reuse the existing ones if they appear in good shape still? Like I said, it is minimal to no oil usage so flow is still good from what I can tell from reading/videos.

Beyond the engine I have done a lot of the work on it too. Suspension, axle seals/bearings, clutch, etc. Just nothing internal this big. IMO, I've done enough to warrant keeping and fixing as it is good to go...at least until the next thing comes along. :LOL:

So, given the info above, what would you do? Overthinking it or over my head?
 
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Replace head gasket, see if that's the problem on Cyl 1?

Any way to check that without pulling everything? Because if I am in that far I may as well do the in frame rebuild.

Plus there isn't any coolant leaks, tests as only cyl 1, and it was a very "mechanical" sound prior to the code. Best description is somewhere between a bad knock and shake, almost like the crank was off. I could push the clutch and it would quiet but not go away. With it being cyl 1 to me it somewhat makes sense, like it was trying to wag the dog.

Fwiw clutch was replaced 50k ago, Luk, no issues ever.

That said, only sound after running hot. I can start it now and other than the obvious misfire it runs normal and quiet.
 
I would look hard at the valvetrain for cylinder 1. Rings usually wear fairly even in an engine .
 
2003 Sahara 4.0 5sp. Got some problems so thought I would ask for feedback before venturing on a folly.

So mine decided to not cooperate with my timeline and gave up sooner. Kind of loud noise after coming off the highway a while ago. Was thinking it was heatsoak (happens sometimes as the weather got warmer after interstate driving), start the next day, no issues. Until recently. Was not long out of the driveway to work and check engine light came on. Got to work and checked codes, P0155 (comes on in winter past few years with low ambient temps, weird to happen in spring), and P0301 which was a new one never happened before. After work due to slow/heavy traffic the engine light started flashing like crazy so pulled into a parking lot and AAA to the rescue. Didn't want to take a chance damaging anything and realized later I was just dumping unburnt fuel.

Started the usual checks, changed plugs (worn and out of gap) and the O2 sensors (NGK). Cleared, started, P0301 back. Dig further, watch videos. Checked compression.

Cyl 1 Dry 25 Wet 45,50
Cyl 2 Dry 120
Cyl 3 Dry 120
Cyl 4 Dry 105
Cyl 5 Dry 125
Cyl 6 Dry 120

Only tested Cyl 1 wet as others were consistent. Cyl 1 was audible difference in stroke so could tell when turning key it was a problem. When compression increased indicates piston/ring issue. Don't have a leak down tester yet, but from what I was able to tell pushes me toward a direction. Rebuild or swap. I did disconnect the cyl 1 injector so it would stop dumping fuel but that threw the injector code. Figured I could move/drive it minimally if needed but haven't had to yet.

Pros of motor: no leaks other than valve cover and oil pan seals. Already have a full gasket set, was planning on a refresh in July when I am off work. Also picked up a new timing chain set, figured since I was in for the gaskets to check that too. RMS doesn't drip, amazingly...at least until if I start opening things up I would guess. Doesn't burn oil, little usage if I accidentally extend my changes but I usually keep at 6500m/change. Good pressure per the gauge, etc. Occasional tap on start but has shown probably thermal so hasn't been priority concern. It has been a good motor.

Cons of motor: just shy of 275,000. Was planning/thinking by 300K would need to do some preventative upgrades even if no issues just as insurance.

What I am looking at (pending what pulling the pan reveals):

Dirty rebuild in frame, only pistons and rings as would not be able to change cam bearings without pulling motor. Potentially fastest way to restore. Biggest caution is how to interpret main and rod bearings as I have never had to do that before and it is like a foreign language complete with deer in the headlights look. Cheapest, estimate about $1K-ish. No telling if it will last 500m or 5000m, and back to square 1 if it goes. However, from what I have seen of those who have done it has been good results if you take your time.

Donor swap. Priced out would be around $1500-$2000. That is me doing all the labor. Pro is less mileage motor, con is no history so it is a crap shoot.

Reman swap. Priced would be around $2700-$3600 depending on rebuilder. All labor is on me. Pro is 0m motor, con is potential issues from rebuilder. Limited options on head, some offer a TUPY, others say "new improved" but offer no proof like a TUPY stamp or the obvious build up like Clearwater does. Mine came with a TUPY so I am not really wanting to chance a 331 if it can't be verified. Limited rebuilders do offer a TUPY for an upcharge. (Titan and Promar for example).

Reman through reseller. Priced estimated between $5500-$7000 locally. Turn key, but some of the places around here do shoddy work especially on older vehicles. Jasper seems to be the flavor of choice, most are hesitant or refuse to do a swap if they can't sell the motor. Probably make too much off it that way.

Other than the dirty it would be approching into a loan or financing for the others. Might be able to pull the swap without but it would stretch things a lot (had some other unexpected house costs recently too). These are the only real 4 options I can look at as it is my daily and we are adjusting for a 1 car family right now so it needs to be back (relatively) soon. Stroker is not a option/choice as yes the power would be nice but cost is greater and it doesn't seem applicable for what I drive (more fuel usage, no real benefit, etc). Same with a local rebuilder, either too busy, too costly, or just not what they do (ie: muscle cars or speed shops).

Other factors, work would be outside. I do have a pop up 10X10 for shade and an area of my driveway to work, but it is still outside so weather is a concern. Tool wise I am mostly covered except for a few things that I included in the budget estimates. I have swapped engines in vehicles before with my father, but I was significantly younger then and needed less ibuprofen. Deepest internal I remember doing was a valve job and timing chain swap on a V8.

If a dirty would get me another year or two at least I am thinking it would be best. Looking at the rebuild kit from Cleggs I am not sure what option to order and measuring the main and rod bearings is something I have never done. Gotta ask, what kind of bad idea/total disaster would it be to reuse the existing ones if they appear in good shape still? Like I said, it is minimal to no oil usage so flow is still good from what I can tell from reading/videos.

Beyond the engine I have done a lot of the work on it too. Suspension, axle seals/bearings, clutch, etc. Just nothing internal this big. IMO, I've done enough to warrant keeping and fixing as it is good to go...at least until the next thing comes along. :LOL:

So, given the info above, what would you do? Overthinking it or over my head?

If you wanna keep this thing for the long haul, I'd avoid a used engine. There are engines out there with "60k miles" on paper that are probably doing much worse than yours that junkyards have laying around. Huge crapshoot, you're correct. I'd hate to, after a fairly new clutch and all, have to pull a motor in 20,000 miles again because the used engine wasn't too far behind the original one.

Adjusting to a one car household sucks, but I trust my original 227,000 mile motor a lot more than any "low mileage" junkyard engine. Especially if it's in the junkyard because it wasn't wrecked, just worn out. I can't justify the effort of replacing a zero guarantee engine to myself, but only my .02
 
I think you’re jumping past the diagnosis step straight to whether or not to replace the engine. You said you didn’t have a leak down tester yet. You can get a fitting that will screw into a spark plug hole like a leak down tester. You don’t really need to get a leak down reading, you just need to find where the compression is leaking in cylinder number one.

Get the number one piston to top dead center on the compression stroke. You are lucky that it’s number one because it will be marked on the harmonic balancer. Make sure you are on the compression stroke. You can do this by putting your thumb over the open spark plug hole while turning the engine and feeling the air rush out. Stay clear of the fan and accessories while you pressurize that cylinder with compressed air using the fitting, then listen for the escaping air. If you hear it at the tail pipe, it is a leaking exhaust valve. If you hear it through the throttle body, it is a leaking intake valve. If you hear it through the crankcase breather or oil filler hole, it is leaking past the rings.

Also, check for bubbles in the radiator while pressurized, which would most likely indicate a blown head gasket or possibly a cracked head or even block.

After this diagnosis, THEN you will have much more data upon which to base your repair decision. If it is a valve or something in the head, or head gasket, pull the head and take it to an auto machine shop. Modern engines will often go hundreds of thousands of miles with no issues below the head gasket. Your compression readings seem to indicate that the bottom may very well be in good shape. If so, it would be a shame to replace an engine when all it needs is some love above the head gasket.

I often tell my wife to get data before making a decision. Get data!

Hope this helps.
 
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I think you’re jumping past the diagnosis step straight to whether or not to replace the engine. You said you didn’t have a leak down tester yet. You can get a fitting that will screw into a spark plug hole like a leak down tester. You don’t really need to get a leak down reading, you just need to find where the compression is leaking in cylinder number one.

Get the number one piston to top dead center on the compression stroke. You are lucky that it’s number one because it will be marked on the harmonic balancer. Make sure you are on the compression stroke. You can do this by putting your thumb over the open spark plug hole while turning the engine and feeling the air rush out. Stay clear of the fan and accessories while you pressurize that cylinder with compressed air using the fitting, then listen for the escaping air. If you hear it at the tail pipe, it is a leaking exhaust valve. If you hear it through the throttle body, it is a leaking intake valve. If you hear it through the crankcase breather or oil filler hole, it is leaking past the rings.

Also, check for bubbles in the radiator while pressurized, which would most likely indicate a blown head gasket or possibly a cracked head or even block.

After this diagnosis, THEN you will have much more data upon which to base your repair decision. If it is a valve or something in the head, or head gasket, pull the head and take it to an auto machine shop. Modern engines will often go hundreds of thousands of miles with no issues below the head gasket. Your compression readings seem to indicate that the bottom may very well be in good shape. If so, it would be a shame to replace an engine when all it needs is some love above the head gasket.

I often tell my wife to get data before making a decision. Get data!

Hope this helps.

I can probably do this. Is this the tool I need? What psi should I be using?
 
Yes that is the tool as long as it has the correct thread for your spark plug hole, and I can’t imagine that it won’t. 80 or 100 PSI will serve the purpose.
 
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If you are going to test it and want to get true readings as to what is happening in your engine why not get a real leak down tester?

1748135545150.png


https://www.amazon.com/OTC-5609-Cylinder-Leakage-Tester/dp/B0030EVL60/?tag=wranglerorg-20

Can't speak to how good this gauge is but I've got one similar to this.

20230717_141932.jpg
 
Yes a leak down test is a great indicator of engine health, but at this point, he already knows that he has an ill patient. At this point, he just needs to apply pressure so that he can determine the location of the leak.

The one that you show is a good one. Mine is so old I don’t remember what it cost, but it might be that the $15 for the hose would go a long way toward getting the leak down tester. I was just thinking that he could get the fitting locally and have it in hand quickly.
 
Yes a leak down test is a great indicator of engine health, but at this point, he already knows that he has an ill patient. At this point, he just needs to apply pressure so that he can determine the location of the leak.

The one that you show is a good one. Mine is so old I don’t remember what it cost, but it might be that the $15 for the hose would go a long way toward getting the leak down tester. I was just thinking that he could get the fitting locally and have it in hand quickly.

I agree partly but I also like to buy tools.. And yes just applying pressure to the #1 cylinder will tell him if it's the rings or the valves. Depending on the type of compression tester he has he might be able to adapt the hose used in it to apply air with.

The tester I have was more expensive but I'd bought it years ago too.

Amazon had cheaper versions but I don't remember their prices.

Here's one for $27 and had the different adapters for different spark plug threads.

https://www.amazon.com/dp/B087WK5N66/?tag=wranglerorg-20
 
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I agree partly but I also like to buy tools.. And yes just applying pressure to the #1 cylinder will tell him if it's the rings or the valves. Depending on the type of compression tester he has he might be able to adapt the hose used in it to apply air with.

The tester I have was more expensive but I'd bought it years ago too.

Amazon had cheaper versions but I don't remember their prices.

Here's one for $27 and had the different adapters for different spark plug threads.

https://www.amazon.com/dp/B087WK5N66/?tag=wranglerorg-20

Thanks for the info. Had looked at a few but haven't seen one that cheap.
 
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Novak Conversions Jeep Wrangler TJ radiator